GLY 1001 Earth Science Sample Pretest Name:____________
Chapter 18 Part K: Key Terms
Fill in the blanks with the word(s)
that best fit the description:
1.________________ - the name given to the periodic warming
of the ocean that occurs in the central and eastern Pacific. One of these major episodes can
cause extreme weather in many parts of the world.
2. ________________-
a recording barometer
3. ________________ - a wind blowing down the leeward side of a
mountain and warming by compression.
4. ________________ - a low pressure center characterized by a
counter clockwise flow of air in the northern hemisphere
5. ________________-
an instrument used to determine wind speed.
6. ________________ - air flowing horizontally with respect to
earth's surface.
7. ________________-
a wind usually above a height of 600 meters that blows parallel to the isobars.
8. ________________-
a local wind blowing from land toward the water during the night in coastal areas.
9. ________________-
the nightly downslope winds commonly encountered in
mountain valleys.
10. ________________-
a wind that consistently blows from one direction more than from another.
11. ________________-
swift (120-240- kilometers per hour) high altitude winds.
12. ________________-
the local name given a chinook wind in southern
California.
13. ________________-
an episode of strong trade winds unusually low sea surface temperatures in the
central and eastern pacific. The opposite of El Niņo.
14. ________________-
In the global pattern of prevailing winds. winds that
blow from the polar high toward the subpolar
low. These winds,
however should not be thought of as persistent winds such as the trade winds.
15. ________________-
the daily upslope winds commonly encountered in a mountain valley.
16________________-
the dominant west to east motion of the atmosphere that characterizes the regions on the pole ward side of the
subtropical highs.
17. ________________-
two belts of winds that blow
almost constantly from easterly directions and are located on the
equa-towarded sides of the subtropical highs.
18. ________________-
a local wind blowing from the sea during the afternoon in coastal areas.
19. ________________
- seasonal reversal
of wind direction associated with large continents, especially Asia. In winter,
the wind blows from land to sea; in summer, from sea to land.
20. ________________-
the seesaw pattern of atmospheric pressure between the eastern and western Pacific.
21. ________________-
a belt of low pressure lying near the equator and between the subtropical
layers.
22. ________________
- a center of
high pressure characterized by anticyclonic winds
23. ________________
- a center of low pressure characterized by cyclonic winds
24. ________________
- a high pressure center characterized by a clockwise flow of air in the
Northern hemisphere
25. ________________-
a line drawn on
a map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure, usually corrected to the
sea level.
26. ________________-
the nature of the change in atmospheric pressure over the past several hours.
It can be a useful aid in short range weather prediction.
27. ________________-
the force exerted by the weight of a column of air above a given point.
28. ________________ - the condition
that exists when the distribution of winds within a given area results in a
net horizontal inflow of air into the
area. Because this at lower levels is associated with an
upward movement of air into the areas of these winds are regions
favorable to cloud formation and precipitation.
29. ________________-
an instrument for measuring air pressure that consists of evacuated metal
chambers very sensitive to variations in air pressure.
30. ________________-
the deflective force of earths rotation on all free
moving objects, including the atmosphere and oceans. Deflection is to the right in the Northern
Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere
31. ________________
- the condition that exists when the distribution of winds within a given area
results in a net horizontal outflow of air from the region. In these at lower
levels the resulting deficit is compensated for by a downward movement of air
from aloft; hence, areas of these winds are unfavorable to cloud formation and
precipitation.
32. ________________-
a mercury filled glass tube in which the height of the mercury column is a
measure of air pressure.
33. ________________-
an instrument used to determine wind direction
34. ________________-
anticyclones that are assumed to occupy the inner polar
regions and are believed to be thermally induced at least in part.
35. ________________-
not a continuous belt of high pressure but rather several semipermanent,
anticyclonic centers characterized by subsidence and
divergence located roughly between latitudes 25 and 35 degrees.
36. ________________-
the stormy frontal zone separating air masses of polar origin from air masses
of polar origin from air masses.
37. ________________-
the amount of pressure change occurring over a given distance.
38. ________________-
low pressure located at about the latitudes of the Arctic and Antarctic circles
39. ________________-
the nature of the change in atmospheric pressure over the past several hours.
It can be a useful aid in short range weather prediction.
Chapter 18 Word List:
|
air pressure aneroid barometer anticyclone barograph barometric tendency chinook convergence Coriolis effect cup anemometer cyclone divergence El Niņo equatorial low |
geostrophic wind high isobar jet stream land breeze La Niņa low mercury barometer monsoon mountain breeze polar easterlies polar front polar high |
pressure gradient pressure tendency prevailing wind Santa Ana sea breeze Southern Oscillation subpolar low subtropical high trade winds valley breeze westerlies wind - wind vane |