ESC 1000
Earth Science Name: __Answers___
Chapter 10: Mountain Building
Part K Chapter 10 Key Terms 29 Points
Fill in the blanks with the word or words that best fit the definition:
- ________________ A large wedge shaped
mass of sediment that accumulates in subduction
zones. Here sediments is scraped from the subducting
oceanic plate and accreted to the overriding crustal
block
- ________________ Usually narrow
and consisting of highly deformed sediments. They occur where oceanic
lithosphere is being subducted beneath the
margin of a continent
- ________________ A fold in
sedimentary strata resembling an arch
- ________________ A circular downfolded structure.
- ________________ (brittle deformation) Deformation that involves the fracturing of rock.
Associated with rocks near the surface.
- ________________ The process by
which water vapor is changed directly to a solid without passing through
the liquid state
- ________________ A fault in which
the movement is parallel to the fault.
- ________________ A roughly
circular upfolded structure similar to an
anticline
- ________________ A type of solid
state flow that produces a change in the size and shape of a rock body
without fracturing . Occurs at depths where temperatures
and confining pressures are high
- ________________ A break in a rock mass along which
movement has occurred
- ________________ A mountain
formed by the displacement of rock along a fault
- ________________ A cliff created
by movement along a fault. I t represents the exposed surface of the fault
prior to modification by weathering and erosion
- ________________- A bent rock layer or series of layers
that were originally horizontal and subsequently deformed
- ________________- A valley formed by the downward
displacement of a fault-bounded block
- ________________ The gradual
subsidence of mountains caused by lateral spreading of weak material
located deep within these structures
- ________________ An elongate,
uplifted block of crust bounded by faults
- ________________ The concept that
Earths crust is floating in gravitational balance upon the material of
the mantle.
- ________________ The process of
establishing a new level of gravitational equilibrium
- ________________ A fracture in
rock along which thee has been no movement
- ________________ - A one limbed
flexure in strata. The strata are unusually flat-lying or very gently dipping on both sides of
the monocline
- ________________ A fault in which
the rock above the fault plane has moved down relative to the rock below
- ________________ The processes
that collectively result in the formation of mountains
- ________________ Margins that
consists of continental shelf, continental slope, and continental rise.
- ________________ A fault in which
the material above the fault plane moves up in relation to the material
below.
- ________________- A fault along which the movement is
horizontal
- ________________
A linear downfold in sedimentary strata; the
opposite of anticline
- ________________
A crustal
block bounded by faults, whose geologic history is distinct from the
histories of adjoining crustal blocks
- ________________ A low-angle
reverse fault
- ________________ A major strike-slip
fault that cuts through the lithosphere and accommodates motion between
two plates
accretionary wedge
|
fault-block mountains
|
normal fault
|
active continental margin
|
fault scarp
|
orogenesis
|
anticline
|
fold
|
passive continental
margin
|
basin
|
graben
|
reverse fault
|
brittle failure
|
gravitational collapse
|
strike-slip fault
|
deformation
|
horst
|
syncline
|
dip-slip fault
|
isostacy
|
terrane
|
dome
|
isotatic adjustment
|
thrust fault
|
ductile deformation
|
joint
|
transform fault
|
fault
|
monocline
|
|